What is the definition of climax species?

Climax species are defined as those species that dominate a stable and mature ecosystem at the final stages of ecological succession. These species are typically well-adapted to the specific conditions of their environment and can compete effectively in a stable ecosystem over time. As succession progresses, the community transitions from an initial stage, often dominated by pioneer or disturbance-adapted species, to a more complex and biodiverse ecosystem, where climax species take over and create a balance among various biotic and abiotic factors.

In this context, these species play a critical role in stabilizing the ecosystem and maintaining its health. They provide habitat for other organisms and contribute to nutrient cycling and other ecosystem services that are vital for environmental balance. Understanding climax species is essential for conservation efforts, as they often indicate the overall health and maturity of an ecosystem.