What is one primary function of crop residue?

Maintaining soil organic matter is a vital function of crop residue. When crops are harvested, leaving the residue behind contributes to the organic matter content of the soil. This organic matter is essential for several reasons: it improves soil structure, enhances nutrient and water retention, and supports microbial activity, which further enriches the soil ecosystem. Increased soil organic matter leads to better resilience against erosion and provides a habitat for beneficial organisms, ultimately contributing to improved soil health and fertility.

In contrast, the other options highlight negative effects that do not typically align with the benefits of proper crop residue management. The correct choice emphasizes how crop residue serves a protective, nurturing role in agricultural systems by sustaining soil quality.