How does urban agriculture promote sustainability?

Urban agriculture plays a significant role in promoting sustainability primarily by reducing food miles and improving local food security. When food is grown closer to where it is consumed, there is a substantial decrease in transportation requirements, which lowers fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions associated with food transport. This local production of food minimizes the environmental impact while also making fresh produce more accessible to urban populations.

Additionally, urban agriculture enhances food security by providing communities with the means to grow their own food, thus reducing dependence on external sources. This self-sufficiency can lead to better resilience against food shortages or price fluctuations in the global market. Furthermore, urban agriculture often encourages biodiversity and creates green spaces in urban settings, contributing to environmental health and community well-being.

In contrast, the other answer choices do not align with the principles of sustainability. Increased food transportation is counterproductive to reducing carbon footprints. Chemical fertilizers can lead to soil degradation and water pollution, which contradicts sustainable practices. Lastly, utilizing more land, especially if it means encroaching on natural habitats or agricultural land, does not promote the efficient use of resources that sustainability emphasizes.