How does soil pH influence plant growth?

Soil pH plays a crucial role in influencing nutrient availability, which is essential for plant growth. Each nutrient has a specific range of pH in which it is most available for absorption by plant roots. When the soil pH is too low (acidic) or too high (alkaline), certain nutrients may become less available. For instance, in highly acidic soils, nutrients such as phosphorus can become bound to soil particles, making them unavailable to plants. Likewise, in alkaline soils, important micronutrients like iron can become deficient. Therefore, maintaining an optimal pH level helps ensure that plants can access the nutrients they need for healthy growth and development.

In contrast, options discussing sunlight absorption, moisture content, or suggesting that soil pH has no effect overlook the fundamental role that pH plays in nutrient solubility and overall plant health. Sunlight absorption is more directly related to leaf health and canopy structure, while moisture content is influenced by factors such as soil texture and organic matter rather than pH alone. As for the claim that pH has no effect on plant growth, it contradicts well-established agronomic principles demonstrating the significant impact of pH on nutrient dynamics in the soil.